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Emergency Response for Caught-In/Between Incidents

Caught In Between | OSHA Fatal Four

The Problem

Caught-in/between incidents are a leading cause of serious injuries and fatalities in the workplace. These occur when workers are caught in or compressed by equipment, materials, or collapsing structures. These situations often escalate quickly, and without a proper emergency response, they can result in life-threatening consequences. Today, we’ll discuss how to respond effectively to these incidents to save lives and prevent further harm.

Identify the Hazards

  • Common Causes of Caught-In/Between Incidents:
  • Workers caught in moving machinery without proper guarding.
  • Being pinned between heavy equipment and stationary objects.
  • Collapse of trenches or excavation walls.
  • Material shifting or falling, trapping workers beneath.

These incidents often lead to crushing injuries, amputations, or suffocation.

Safety Practices and Preventative Measures

To minimize risks and respond effectively to caught-in/between incidents:

  1. Recognize Hazardous Situations:

    • Stay clear of moving equipment and never place yourself between equipment and a fixed object.
    • Be aware of trench stability and avoid entering unprotected trenches.
    • Secure materials to prevent them from shifting or falling.
  2. Prevent the Incident:

    • Use machinery with proper guards and ensure they are in place.
    • Follow OSHA standards for trench safety, including protective systems like trench boxes or shoring.
    • Wear high-visibility clothing when working near heavy equipment.
  3. Emergency Response Steps:

    • Stop Work Immediately:
      • Shut down any machinery or equipment involved in the incident.
    • Call for Help:
      • Contact emergency services or on-site responders immediately.
    • Secure the Scene:
      • Keep other workers at a safe distance to prevent secondary injuries.
    • Assist if Safe:
      • Provide first aid if trained and it is safe to do so.
      • Do not attempt to move the injured person unless they are in immediate danger (e.g., from additional collapse).
    • Follow Emergency Plans:some text
      • Every job site should have an emergency response plan. Know your role and follow the steps.
  4. Post-Incident Actions:

    • Report the incident to your supervisor.
    • Document the events leading up to the incident.
    • Participate in post-incident reviews to identify causes and prevent recurrence.

Real-Life Case or Scenario

Where possible, use an actual incident that you have experienced or been involved in.

E.g. Here’s an example: A worker in a trench was pinned by collapsing walls due to improper shoring. Coworkers acted quickly, stopping all equipment, calling emergency services, and securing the area. Thanks to their prompt response and adherence to emergency procedures, the worker was rescued and treated for non-life-threatening injuries. Without their training and quick action, the outcome could have been far worse.

Employee Responsibilities

  • Recognize and report hazards related to machinery, trenches, or heavy equipment.
  • Stay clear of unsafe areas, such as unprotected trenches or moving equipment zones.
  • Familiarize yourself with the job site’s emergency response plan and know your role in it.

Employer Responsibilities

  • Provide and maintain proper protective systems for trenches and machinery.
  • Ensure all workers are trained in recognizing and responding to caught-in/between hazards.
  • Develop and communicate a clear emergency response plan for the job site.

Discussion & Questions

  • "What are some caught-in/between hazards you’ve seen on this site?"
  • "Do you know the steps to take if someone is caught in or between equipment or materials?"
  • Encourage employees to share concerns about current practices or specific hazards.

Commitment/Action Plan

Let’s commit to identifying and reporting caught-in/between hazards before they lead to emergencies. Starting today, ensure you know the emergency response plan and your role in it.

Wrap-Up

Emergency response is critical in preventing fatalities and minimizing injuries. By recognizing hazards, taking preventive measures, and acting swiftly in emergencies, we can save lives and keep our workplace safe. Thank you for your attention and for committing to safety.

Standards Overview

  • OSHA requires that all employees are trained to recognize and respond to caught-in/between hazards (29 CFR 1926.21(b)(2)).
  • Employers must ensure the use of protective systems in trenches and around equipment to minimize risks (OSHA 1926 Subpart P).
  • Proper emergency procedures must be in place to address these incidents swiftly.
OSHA Occupational Safety and Health Administration

Legal Disclaimer

This toolbox talk is provided for informational and educational purposes only. It is not intended to be a substitute for professional legal, safety, or regulatory advice. The information presented is based on best practices and general industry standards but may not apply to all workplace situations.
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It is the responsibility of the employer, supervisors, and workers to ensure compliance with applicable federal, state, and local laws, regulations, and standards. The authors, presenters, and distributors of this toolbox talk assume no liability for the use or application of the information provided.
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Participants are encouraged to consult appropriate legal, safety, or regulatory professionals to address specific concerns or questions. Always follow your organization's policies and procedures for workplace safety and hazard mitigation.

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