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Proper Ladder Use and Inspection

Slips Trips Falls | OSHA Fatal Four

The Problem

Ladders are one of the most commonly used tools on job sites, but they’re also one of the leading causes of workplace injuries. Every year, thousands of workers are injured, and many lose their lives due to falls involving ladders. These accidents are often caused by improper ladder use, lack of inspection, or using the wrong ladder for the job. Today, we’ll discuss how to identify ladder hazards and the steps you can take to prevent accidents.

Identify the Hazards

  • Structural Failures:
    Cracked rungs, loose bolts, or bent rails can cause the ladder to collapse.
  • Unstable Setup:
    Incorrect angles, slippery surfaces, or unsecured ladders increase the risk of falls.
  • Improper Use:
    Overreaching, standing on the top rung, or exceeding the weight limit can lead to tip-overs.

Environmental Factors: High winds, wet conditions, or cluttered work areas can create additional hazards.

Safety Practices and Preventative Measures

To minimize these hazards, follow these steps:

  1. Inspect Ladders Before Use:

    • Check for cracks, corrosion, or bent rungs.
    • Ensure the feet have intact, slip-resistant material.
    • Verify that all bolts, rivets, and locking mechanisms are secure.
  2. Set Up Properly:

    • Place the ladder on a stable, level surface.
    • Use the 4:1 ratio for extension ladders (1 foot out for every 4 feet of height).
    • Extend ladders at least 3 feet above the landing area for safe access.
  3. Use Ladders Correctly:

    • Maintain three points of contact (two hands and one foot, or two feet and one hand).
    • Never stand on the top rung or step.
    • Avoid overreaching—move the ladder instead.
  4. Report and Tag Damaged Ladders:

    • Immediately remove damaged ladders from service.
    • Tag defective ladders with a clear warning and notify your supervisor.
  5. Adjust for Environmental Hazards:

    • Avoid using ladders in high winds or on slippery surfaces.
    • Clear the area around the base and top of the ladder to prevent tripping hazards.

Real-Life Case or Scenario

Where possible, use an actual incident that you have experienced or been involved in.

E.g. Here’s an example: A worker fell from a 10-foot ladder because they didn’t notice a cracked side rail. The ladder gave way mid-task, causing severe injuries. This could have been prevented with a quick inspection before use. Accidents like this are entirely avoidable if we take the time to check our equipment.

Employee Responsibilities

  • Inspect ladders daily and before each use.
  • Use the right ladder for the job and ensure it’s in good condition.
  • Report any damaged or unsafe ladders immediately.
  • Follow proper ladder setup and usage techniques to reduce risks.

Employer Responsibilities

  • Provide ladders that are properly maintained and safe to use.
  • Replace or repair defective ladders promptly.
  • Offer training on ladder safety and proper inspection techniques.
  • Ensure the job site is free from environmental hazards that could compromise ladder safety.

Discussion & Questions

  • "Have you ever encountered a defective ladder on-site? What did you do about it?"
  • "What’s the most common mistake you’ve seen when using ladders?"
  • Allow employees to share concerns or ask for clarification about ladder safety practices.

Commitment/Action Plan

Starting today, let’s commit to inspecting every ladder before use and following proper ladder setup and usage procedures. This small step can make a huge difference in preventing injuries and ensuring a safe work environment.

Wrap-Up

Ladder safety is everyone’s responsibility. By inspecting your equipment, using it correctly, and staying vigilant, you can protect yourself and your coworkers. Let’s work together to eliminate ladder-related injuries and ensure that everyone goes home safe.

Standards Overview

  • OSHA Standard 1926.1053 requires ladders to be:

    • Inspected before use.
    • Properly maintained.
    • Set up on stable surfaces at the correct angle.
  • OSHA emphasizes the importance of using the right ladder for the job and prohibits using damaged or defective ladders.
OSHA Occupational Safety and Health Administration

Legal Disclaimer

This toolbox talk is provided for informational and educational purposes only. It is not intended to be a substitute for professional legal, safety, or regulatory advice. The information presented is based on best practices and general industry standards but may not apply to all workplace situations.
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It is the responsibility of the employer, supervisors, and workers to ensure compliance with applicable federal, state, and local laws, regulations, and standards. The authors, presenters, and distributors of this toolbox talk assume no liability for the use or application of the information provided.
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Participants are encouraged to consult appropriate legal, safety, or regulatory professionals to address specific concerns or questions. Always follow your organization's policies and procedures for workplace safety and hazard mitigation.

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