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Roadway Work Zone Safety

Struck By | OSHA Fatal Four

The Problem

Roadway work zones are some of the most dangerous environments for workers. Every year, hundreds of workers are struck by vehicles or injured due to improper safety practices in and around work zones. The combination of high-speed traffic, heavy machinery, and limited visibility makes safety critical. Today, we’ll discuss the hazards associated with roadway work zones and how we can prevent injuries and fatalities by following best practices.

Identify the Hazards

  • Traffic Hazards:
    • Speeding or distracted drivers entering the work zone.
    • Limited visibility, especially at night or in bad weather.
  • Work Zone Layout:
    • Poorly placed barricades, cones, or signage leading to confusion.
    • Inadequate buffer zones between workers and traffic.
  • Heavy Equipment:
    • Workers struck by machinery or vehicles operating within the work zone.
  • Distractions:
    • Workers not paying attention to their surroundings or backing equipment.

Safety Practices and Preventative Measures

To mitigate these hazards, follow these steps:

  1. Set Up the Work Zone Properly:

    • Use appropriate traffic control devices such as cones, barricades, and signs to clearly mark the work area.
    • Establish buffer zones and safe lanes for equipment and personnel.
    • Ensure warning signs are placed far enough in advance to alert drivers.
  2. Wear Proper PPE:

    • All workers must wear high-visibility clothing, especially during low-light conditions.
    • Use hard hats, steel-toed boots, and gloves to protect against other hazards in the work zone.
  3. Establish Traffic Control Plans:

    • Designate a trained flagger to direct vehicles safely through the zone.
    • Ensure flaggers use proper signals and maintain visibility at all times.
    • Follow approved traffic control plans tailored to the specific site.
  4. Safe Operation of Equipment:

    • Use spotters when operating heavy equipment near workers or traffic.
    • Ensure all machinery is equipped with functioning alarms and lights.
    • Avoid blind spots—communicate with operators before entering their path.
  5. Stay Alert:

    • Avoid distractions such as phones or earbuds while in the work zone.
    • Be aware of your surroundings, including the location of traffic and machinery.
    • Never assume drivers or operators see you.
  6. Plan for Emergencies:

    • Have a clear plan for responding to accidents or emergencies.
    • Ensure all workers know the location of first aid kits and emergency contacts.

Real-Life Case or Scenario

Where possible, use an actual incident that you have experienced or been involved in.

E.g. In 2022, a construction worker was struck and killed by a distracted driver who entered a poorly marked work zone. The driver failed to see any advanced warning signs, and workers were not adequately separated from traffic. This tragic incident highlights the importance of clear signage, proper buffer zones, and staying alert.

Employee Responsibilities

  • Wear all required PPE and follow site-specific safety plans.
  • Stay alert and avoid distractions in the work zone.
  • Report any unsafe conditions or equipment immediately.
  • Follow all traffic control and flagging procedures as directed.

Employer Responsibilities

  • Provide proper traffic control devices and ensure work zones are set up according to OSHA and DOT regulations.
  • Supply high-visibility clothing and other PPE.
  • Train employees on work zone safety and traffic control procedures.
  • Conduct regular inspections of the work zone to identify and correct hazards.

Discussion & Questions

  • "What’s the most common hazard you’ve noticed in work zones?"
  • "What steps can we take to improve safety in our current work zones?"
  • Encourage employees to share any near-miss incidents or suggestions for improving safety.

Commitment/Action Plan

Let’s commit to improving safety in our work zones starting today. Inspect your work area, ensure all traffic control measures are in place, and stay alert at all times. Remember, safety is a team effort.

Wrap-Up

Roadway work zones are inherently dangerous, but with the right precautions, we can prevent accidents and save lives. Thank you for your attention and for doing your part to keep our workplace safe.

Standards Overview

  • OSHA 1926 Subpart G outlines safety requirements for signs, signals, and barricades in work zones.
  • Workers must be provided with high-visibility clothing compliant with ANSI/ISEA 107 standards.
  • Proper traffic control devices must be in place to protect both workers and motorists.
OSHA Occupational Safety and Health Administration

Legal Disclaimer

This toolbox talk is provided for informational and educational purposes only. It is not intended to be a substitute for professional legal, safety, or regulatory advice. The information presented is based on best practices and general industry standards but may not apply to all workplace situations.
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It is the responsibility of the employer, supervisors, and workers to ensure compliance with applicable federal, state, and local laws, regulations, and standards. The authors, presenters, and distributors of this toolbox talk assume no liability for the use or application of the information provided.
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Participants are encouraged to consult appropriate legal, safety, or regulatory professionals to address specific concerns or questions. Always follow your organization's policies and procedures for workplace safety and hazard mitigation.

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