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Safe Practices for Using Portable Ladders

Fall Protection

The Problem

Ladders are a common tool in many workplaces, but improper use is one of the leading causes of workplace injuries and fatalities. Falls from ladders can result in life-changing injuries or even death. Today, we’ll discuss the hazards associated with ladders and how to use them safely to prevent accidents.

Identify the Hazards

  • Using the Wrong Ladder: Ladders that are too short or not suitable for the job can result in unsafe practices, such as standing on the top rung or using makeshift extensions.

  • Improper Use: Over-reaching, climbing the back side of a step ladder, or carrying tools by hand while climbing.

  • Unstable Setup: Using ladders on uneven or slippery surfaces or leaning a step ladder against a wall.
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  • Damaged Ladders: Broken rungs, bent rails, or other defects that compromise ladder integrity.

Safety Practices and Preventative Measures

To avoid these hazards, always follow these safe practices:

  1. Choose the Right Ladder:

    • Use a ladder that is the correct length for the job.
    • Never use makeshift extensions like lashing two ladders together.
    • Select the appropriate type of ladder (e.g., step ladder vs. extension ladder).
  2. Set Up Ladders Properly:

    • Place ladders on firm, level ground to prevent slipping.
    • Follow the 4:1 angle rule for extension ladders (1 foot out for every 4 feet of height).
    • Never lean a step ladder against a wall—it’s designed to be used fully open.
  3. Climb Safely:

    • Always maintain three points of contact: two hands and one foot or two feet and one hand.
    • Avoid carrying tools or materials by hand; use a tool belt or hoist.
    • Keep your body centered between the side rails—your belt buckle should not extend beyond the rails.
  4. Inspect Ladders Before Use:

    • Look for cracks, bent rungs, or damaged parts.
    • Check for missing anti-slip feet or loose hardware.
    • Tag damaged ladders as "out of service" and report them immediately.
  5. Handle Ladders Properly:

    • Do not climb the back side of a step ladder—the cross braces are not designed for climbing.
    • Never set up ladders on moving vehicles or unsteady platforms like truck beds or trailers.
  6. Dispose of Damaged Ladders:

    • Don’t attempt to repair or salvage parts from broken ladders.
    • Properly dispose of or tag damaged ladders out of service to ensure they’re not reused.

Real-Life Case or Scenario

Where possible, use an actual incident that you have experienced or been involved in.

E.g. Recently, a worker attempted to use a step ladder that was missing an anti-slip foot. While working on an uneven surface, the ladder slipped, and the worker fell, resulting in a serious back injury. This incident could have been prevented by a quick pre-use inspection to identify the missing foot and remove the ladder from service.

Employee Responsibilities

  • Inspect Ladders: Always check for damage or defects before using a ladder.
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  • Follow Best Practices: Maintain three points of contact, avoid over-reaching, and ensure proper ladder setup.
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  • Report Unsafe Conditions: Immediately report damaged ladders or unsafe practices to your supervisor.

Employer Responsibilities

  • Provide ladders that are properly maintained and meet OSHA requirements.
  • Train employees on safe ladder practices.
  • Remove damaged ladders from service promptly.

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Discussion & Questions

  • "What hazards have you encountered while using ladders on this site?"
  • "Has anyone experienced or witnessed a ladder-related incident? What lessons can we take from it?"

Encourage employees to share their experiences and ask questions to ensure full understanding.

Commitment/Action Plan

Let’s commit to inspecting our ladders before every use and following safe ladder practices. Starting today, if you see a damaged or improperly used ladder, report it immediately. Together, we can eliminate preventable falls and keep everyone safe.

Wrap-Up

Falls from ladders are one of the easiest workplace hazards to prevent. By following these simple steps and being vigilant, we can reduce injuries and create a safer work environment. Thank you for your attention and commitment to ladder safety.

Standards Overview

  • Inspection: OSHA requires regular ladder inspections, and damaged ladders must be tagged and removed from service (OSHA 1926.1053).
  • Load Capacity: Ladders must support at least four times the intended load.
  • Angle of Setup: OSHA mandates that extension ladders be set at a 4:1 angle for stability.

By following these guidelines, we can maintain compliance and ensure everyone’s safety.

OSHA Occupational Safety and Health Administration

Legal Disclaimer

This toolbox talk is provided for informational and educational purposes only. It is not intended to be a substitute for professional legal, safety, or regulatory advice. The information presented is based on best practices and general industry standards but may not apply to all workplace situations.
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It is the responsibility of the employer, supervisors, and workers to ensure compliance with applicable federal, state, and local laws, regulations, and standards. The authors, presenters, and distributors of this toolbox talk assume no liability for the use or application of the information provided.
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Participants are encouraged to consult appropriate legal, safety, or regulatory professionals to address specific concerns or questions. Always follow your organization's policies and procedures for workplace safety and hazard mitigation.

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